Editors note: Alexis Blendel submitted this review at the end of May, 2018. AICL is pleased to have her essay on She Sang Promise: The Story of Betty Mae Jumper, Seminole Tribal Leader featured here. Alexis Blendel is one of the Seminole and Miccosukee teens who tweet from @OfGlades.
****
Alexis Blendel's review essay of
She Sang Promise: The Story of Betty Mae Jumper, Seminole Tribal Leader
This is my last year of Florida
Virtual School. Soon I will take a trip with my cousin to the Glades to visit
the Big Cypress Reservation. My mother is originally from Hollywood, but I want
to see the Glades again. It is a sacred place for Seminole people. It is an
ecosystem where both alligators and crocodiles live. During many wars, the
Everglades hid us from our enemies who were too scared to go there.
The history of my people in Florida
is more complicated than I was taught by white teachers in school. They still
have the conqueror’s hive mind. They are obsessed by the purity of what they call
the original tribes of Florida. That’s a misunderstanding and a way to
criticize our land rights and income. We are descendants of the Creek people. We
lived for thousands of years as hundreds of tribes with the same linguistic
family—Maskókî. Our families were free blacks and fugitive slaves. We are
survivors of Spanish Missions. It is only the name Seminole that came later.
When I think about our history, I
think about Betty Mae Jumper. Have you read this beautiful book about her?
She
Sang Promise: The Story of Betty Mae Jumper, Seminole Tribal Leader, is by Jan
Godown Annino; illustrations by Lisa Desimini. It is a book for young
children. Like many Seminole stories, it is interesting and enjoyable for all
ages.
The book is written like poetry. It is
a creative telling of Betty Mae’s life. It starts in the Glades. In words and
colorful images it shows what that kind of life was like.
An itchy black bear
takes a palm tree scratch, leaving soft fur tufts that swamp mice fetch.
Seminole women trailing patchwork skirts reach across chickee floors.
This is
a place of belonging and peace. Betty Mae Tiger is from there.
The baby,
born in the wild heart of Florida,
daughter to
Seminole Medicine Woman
Ada Tiger,
granddaughter to Seminole
Medicine
Woman Mary Tiger, is
Betty Mae
Tiger.
I don’t like the word WILD. I’m not
sure I like the word HEART either. There have always been wild plants and animals
in the Glades and it is the heart of Florida Seminole country. But those words
remind me of books by white writers, like Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad. I think She
Sang Promise is a good book, but it also shows that a white writer will make
some choices that a Seminole writer would not choose.
This book repeats a story I have heard from other sources. Betty Mae’s mother is from the
powerful Snake Clan. As a matter of fact, Betty Mae will become the last living
matriarch of the Snake Clan. Betty Mae’s father is a French trapper. Elders believe that Betty
Mae’s French father and her family’s Christianity gave her bad spirits: How-la-wa-gus. Some elders come to grab five year old Betty Mae away from her home in Indiantown, to throw her bad spirits in the swamp! Her uncle chases them away and her family packs
up and takes her to live safely at the Dania Reservation in Fort Lauderdale.
Betty Mae told that story all her
life. I wonder if the people in Indiantown were afraid--not of bad spirits--but of her white father having some control over them and coming into their community.
When Betty Mae was born in 1923, white men had already done every terrible
thing they could think of to Seminole people. Maybe that was the real How-la-wa-gus.
No one that I know can say for sure.
My father is white and I don’t know
him. Not because my mother’s family chased him away, but because he is not
interested. I’m glad this book never uses the hate word ‘half-breed.’ I have
been called that. I’m sure Betty Mae was called that many times. Some people
think it’s a normal word to use.
She Sang Promise includes Seminole
lessons about Little Turtle and the Wolf and Grey Bear. It talks about the food
we ate, the medicine we used and the clothes we wore in the days when Betty Mae
was young. The traditional patchwork long skirt is something white Floridians
think of when they think of Seminole women. I wear this dress on certain occasions.
I do not do it to entertain white people. I don’t live someplace where I can wear
it naturally, every day. If I wore it every day, tourists would think I was doing it for them.
I love seeing pictures of
Betty Mae. She always dressed in Seminole style, as shown on the cover. The vibrant colors of the cover are reflected in the illustrations, which accurately show Seminole culture, throughout the book.
Betty Mae saw people reading and she wanted to learn to read. The problem
was that she wasn’t allowed to go to white schools in Florida and she wasn’t
allowed to go to black schools either! White men made these decisions then, and they still do. You can see that in Florida schools today.
Betty Mae went to the Cherokee
Indian Boarding School in North Carolina. Her teachers were Quakers. This was a
good experience for her, unlike other Native children in boarding schools.
She learned fast and skipped many grades. Then she went to Kiowa Teaching
Hospital and trained as a nurse. Then,
Betty Mae returns home to work with the
people she loves on the land she loves.
She becomes a nurse in Seminole
country, like her mother, who was a Medicine Woman. These pages in the book are beautiful!
Betty
marries Moses Jumper of the Panther clan. He is a star alligator wrestler. One
day when he is sick, Betty Mae gets in the ring to wrestle alligators. Desimini's illustration of that will inspire children and make them laugh. Some animal
rights people will not like it because they don’t understand Seminole culture.
Betty
Mae grew up in a time of change for the Seminole. She accomplished many things. As an adult,
Betty Mae travels
throughout the Everglades.
Where families live,
interpreting in two
Seminole languages—Creek
and Mikasuki.
Working with the people
to represent their
Choice,
she helps set up a Tribal Council
In 1957.
She helps start Seminole
Indian News in 1961.
She is an interpreter in
courtrooms and
Emergency rooms.
She is a voice for her
people.
I feel such pride, reading about Betty Mae! Especially because, in 1967, Betty Mae is elected as the first woman Tribal Chairman! I’m glad that Annino calls her a Tribal Chairman instead of the Chief.
She Sang Promise was published the year I turned ten and I grew up with it. My mother read
it to me many times. I think it was important for me to see this book. Reading it now as a
young woman, I see some things in it that I would want to change. I don’t like that it includes
the Seminole name Betty Mae’s grandmother gave to her. I won’t write it here.
In her lifetime, white people always asked Betty Mae, “What is your Indian
name?” I think it’s none of their business.
I
would still share the book with Seminole children. Betty Mae’s son, Moses
Jumper, Jr. wrote the afterward. That means he respects the book. It’s
important for Florida Seminole children to have role models and for everyone to
realize that Seminoles are not just a college football team!
Sho
na' bish for reading my review!
PS: If
your children like this book, they will really like the book Betty Mae Tiger
Jumper wrote. It is called Legends of the Seminoles.
